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Calories from Soft Drinks — Do They Matter?

Sonia Caprio, M.D.

Obesity has emerged as one of the greatest global health challenges of the 21st century.1 Its increase among children and adolescents is particularly frightening, given the associated metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Studies from developing countries with populations that are un- dergoing rapid changes in nutrition are showing increases in the prevalence of childhood obesity.

The increase in consumption of sugar-sweet- ened beverages among both adults and children in the United States and other countries is considered a potential contributor to the obesity pan demic. Sugar intake from sugar-sweetened

beverages alone, which are the largest single caloric food source in the United States, approaches 15% of the daily caloric intake in several population groups. Adolescent boys in the United States consume an average of 357 kcal of the beverages per day. Sugar-sweetened beverages are market- ed extensively to children and adolescents, and large increases in consumption of sugar-sweet- ened beverages have occurred among black and Mexican-American youth, who are known to be at higher risk for obesity and the development of type 2 diabetes than their white counterparts.

Unlike carbohydrates with high fiber content, sugar-sweetened beverages are nutrient-poor and are often associated with consumption of salty foods and fast foods. An emerging association between the increased consumption of sugar- sweetened beverages and chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease is a major concern. A widely proposed explanation for this association is that caloric beverages elicit weak satiety and compensatory dietary responses. However, the evidence sup- porting this hypothesis remains inconclusive.

NEJM The New England Journal of Medicine

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe1209884